President Biden and his administration’s efforts to expand access to homeownership were challenged in 2023 by high interest rates and a lack of homes on the market. Nevertheless, his administration’s housing policies included proposals to reduce restrictive land use and zoning barriers to building homes and commercial-to-residential conversions, expand financing for energy-efficient homes, and provide down payment assistance programs for first-generation and low wealth first-time homebuyers. The continuing U.S. Federal Trade Commission brokerage industry investigation also came at his direction.